Lands of Constant War
These provinces have long been known as places of great struggle and suffering. In many wars between the Ottoman Empire […]
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Promotion as Offices Become Vacant
As offices within the Ottoman Empire became vacant, replacements were chosen in an orderly manner. These appointments were usually made
The Limits and Extent of the Prime Vizier’s Power
The Prime Vizier held authority almost as wide as that of the Sultan who granted it to him. In most
A Great Gathering of Armed Men
In a very short time, the gathering of people became extremely large. So many armed men arrived that the gardens
The School of Painting as a Link
The School of Painting played an important role as a connecting link between the two main art societies in Bulgaria.
Severity as the Nature of the Turkish Government
A System Built on Force and Fear In this form of government, severity, violence, and cruelty are not accidents but
The Monetary System of Bulgaria
The official monetary system of Bulgaria is based on two units: the lev and the stotinka. The lev has the
Marriage Religion and Foreign Women in the Ottoman Empire
Eunuchs and Marriage In this passage, the author describes a subject that he considered unusual: the marriage of eunuchs. A
Music and Controversy Among the Mevlevi Dervishes
The Sound of the Reed Flute The Mevlevi dervishes used a simple musical instrument made from a reed or cane
The Dispute Between Adam and Moses
In Islamic thought, there has been a long debate about the role of free will, divine justice, and predestination. One