Lands of Constant War
These provinces have long been known as places of great struggle and suffering. In many wars between the Ottoman Empire […]
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Learning for the Duties of High Office
A great minister, or any high officer of the Empire, was expected to perform his duties with knowledge and judgment.
Envy Rivalry and Court Politics
Emulation and flattery were powerful forces in the Ottoman court. Many rival groups and factions competed for influence, and this
Confusion in the Presence Chamber
Those who entered His Majesty’s Presence Chamber immediately perceived a great tumult and disorder. The noise was so loud and
The School of Painting as a Link
The School of Painting played an important role as a connecting link between the two main art societies in Bulgaria.
Land Held under the Crown
A Comparison with English Law In England, lands held from the Crown are protected by fixed and settled laws. A
Rapid Growth of Savings Banks
The savings banks continued to grow quickly during the early years of the twentieth century. In 1905, the number of
Ottoman and European Views on Morality and Concubinage
The Author’s Defense of Christian Society In this passage, the author continues his discussion of the differences between Christian and
Music and Controversy Among the Mevlevi Dervishes
The Sound of the Reed Flute The Mevlevi dervishes used a simple musical instrument made from a reed or cane
The Dispute Between Adam and Moses
In Islamic thought, there has been a long debate about the role of free will, divine justice, and predestination. One