The Province of Çıldır
The eighth great province of the Ottoman Empire was the government of the Pasha of Çıldır, located on the frontier […]
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The Desolation of Asia and the Strength of the Ottoman Empire
At first sight, it may seem strange to say that the destruction and ruin which the Turks made in their
The Education of Young Men in the Seraglio
In the Ottoman Empire, the education of young men in the Seraglio (the royal palace) was carefully organized to prepare
Officers Serving the Queen Mother
Among the Black Eunuchs, several officers are assigned specifically to the service of the Queen Mother, whose household is one
The Rise of Janissary Power
The Retreat of the Spahis After failing to achieve their demands, the Spahis withdrew and scattered to their own regions.
Landscape Painters of the Sofia School
Among the remaining landscape painters who graduated from the Sofia School of Painting, Marin Georgieff occupies a distinct place. He
Public Support for the Fine Arts in Bulgaria
The clear success of the various art exhibitions held in Bulgaria, together with the growing number of orders given by
Ramadan and the Practice of Giving Charity
The Changing Time of Ramadan The writer explains that the month of Ramadan follows the Islamic lunar calendar rather than
The Followers of the Kalenderi Santon
The Character of the Santon The Santon, or holy man, described in the previous section was known for his strict
Soldiers of Mixed Belief
Among certain sects in the Ottoman Empire, there is a group of people who mix Christianity and Islam in unusual