Foreign Artists and Their Role in Early Bulgarian Art
During the early years after the liberation of Bulgaria, several foreign artists visited or lived in the country for short
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Artists of the Older School
Among the remaining artists of the older school, most can be described as conventional in style. They followed established rules
The Importance of Concentration During Prayer
Complete Attention to Worship The original writer explains that Muslims should give their full attention to prayer. According to the
Initiation Rituals and the Kadri Order
The Initiation of New Members Those who wished to join this religious order were required to complete a period of
Atheism in Constantinople
It is remarkable to consider how many people in Constantinople hold atheistic beliefs. Many of these are Kadizade scholars, who
Sects and Heresies Among the Turks
It is commonly believed that there are seventy-two sects among the Turks, though the actual number is probably higher. The
Reward for Obedience
Mahomet, the Messenger of God, promised that Christians who faithfully follow the rules of the covenant will be rewarded. This
Challenges for Ambassadors in the Ottoman Empire
Serving as an ambassador in the Ottoman Empire required courage, wisdom, and careful judgment. Diplomats had to remain calm and
Buying High Office
This system did not only show the power of the Sultan, but it also increased it. In many cases, men
Leading Ports by Ships and Tonnage
Roustchouk holds the first place in Bulgaria for the number of ships that visit its port each year. This means